考研英语【题源外刊】第101期《引人凝视的人》谈论_the(考研英语一历年真题pdf)

原标题：考研英语【题源外刊】第101期：《引人凝视的人》谈论

now, 正式进入到第 99期 外刊精读la

原文期刊：卫报

原文标题：

compelling people review—how to win friends and influence people in the 21st century: the key is to balance nasty and nice

考研英语阅览论题—心思学

品质魅力意思指一自个在性格、气质、才能、道德质量等方面具有的很能招引人的力气。

在当今社会中，为人处世的根柢点就是要具有品质魅力。何谓品质魅力？首要要弄清啥是品质。品质是指人的性格、气质、才能等特征的总和，也指自个的道德质量和人的能作为权力、责任的主体的资历。而品质魅力则指一自个在性格、气质、才能、道德质量等方面具有的很能招引人的力气。在今日的社会里一自个可以遭到别人的等待、包容，那么他实践上就具有了必定的品质魅力。

皮皮小科普

作者介绍了《引人凝视的人》一书首要观念并对该书予以评价。这篇文章首要亮点有：①论题触及立身处世的修身哲学，和每自个都息息有关；②这篇文章作者对该书的评价客观中肯；③全篇言语精妙，证明清楚，依照“引子（第一段）——介绍《引人凝视的人》首要观念（第二、三段）——评价该书缺陷和亮点（第四、五段）”的条理打开论说。

part one: 原文&单词

ⅰ is it better to be loved than feared? no, reckoned niccolò machiavelli, who advised the rulers of 16th-century italy to practise authoritarianism rather than benevolence. yet most of us adopt a friendlier disposition when courting respect and influence. trouble is, when it comes to getting on in life, being too nice can leave us looking weak.

第①段单词：

1.reckon [?rek?n] v.看作，认为

2.practise [?pr?kt?s] v.施行，实施，奉行

3.authoritarianism [?:?θ?r?’te?r??n?sm] n. 独裁主义，独裁政治

4.disposition [?d?sp??z??n] n.性格，性格，气质

5.get on in life 立身处世，略胜一筹

ⅱ john neffinger and matthew kohut aren’t recommending we all strive to be machiavellian tyrants, but they do think the self-help master had a point. updating his ideas for the 21st century, they propose strength and warmth — akin to fear and love — as the alternative ways of building influence. unlike machiavelli, however, they do not back one approach over the other, arguing that the two usually need to be in perfect equilibrium to produce one of the ‘compelling people’ who give their book its name. err on the side of strength, and a person will seem bossy; favour warmth, and he or she risks coming across as a pushover.

第②段单词：

6.machiavellian [?m?k??’vel??n] a.马基雅维利主义的，不择办法的

7.self-help 自助，自立

8.have a point 正确，中肯，很 理

9.akin to 近乎，类似于

10.alternative [?:l?t?:n?t?v] a.供替代的，另外的

11.back [b?k] v.撑持

12.compelling [k?m?pel??] a.引人凝视的

13.err on the side of 过火体现，失之……，偏于

14.bossy [?b?si] a.专横的，蛮横的

ⅲviewing professional and personal relationships through this prism, the authors provide an enlightening perspective on our behaviour and how we interpret the actions of others. the quality that typically ensues from the perfect blend of strength and warmth is charisma, as seen in high-profile public figures such as barack obama and hillary clinton. but to become charismatic a person must often overcome prejudice based on stereotypes about gender and ethnicity, rather than address an actual deficit of strength or warmth. because women are perceived to be naturally warmer but weaker than men, for instance, they arouse suspicion when projecting an image of strength — however wrong that may be.

第③段单词：

16.stereotype [?steri?ta?p] n.成见，方法化形象

17.ethnicity [eθ?n?s?ti] n.种族

18.address [??dres] v.处置，处置

19.deficit [?def?s?t] n.短少，短少，缺乏

20.perceive [p??si:v] v.把……看做，认为

21.project [?pr?d?ekt] v.标明……的特性，呈现

*prism [?pr?z?m] n. 棱镜

ⅳ having established the rules, neffinger and kohut then instruct readers on how to become experts at the game. it is here that compelling people enters the well trodden territory of self-help books, whose providers are often guilty of trotting out stereotypes rather than imparting fresh insight, and inevitably becomes less compelling. for instance, carnegie, in how to win friends and influence people, was telling readers to avoid arguments, if they wanted to be more persuasive, long before neffinger and kohut deemed this to be a manifestation of strength.

第④段单词：

22.impart [?m?pɑ:t] v.给予，教授

23.inevitably [?n?ev?t?bli] ad.不可以避免地

24.persuasive [p??swe?s?v] a.有说服力的

25.manifestation [?m?n?fe?ste??n] n.体现，体现

*trot out 引证，引述（尤指重复地）

ⅴone saving grace is the mixture of scientific rigour with mischievous analysis. readers with young children may rush to replicate the stanford marshmallow experiment, which rewards infants with an extra sweet if they exercise patience before eating a first, and has proven to be a reliable indicator of willpower and, indeed, future persistence. also redemptive are the colourful examples of individuals whose extreme qualities of either strength or warmth allowed them, effectively, to cheat the system. novelist ayn rand desired strength and avoided warmth, but attracted a huge number of loyal supporters nevertheless. the philosophy of the beatles, by contrast, was all about warmth, and yet they became the most influential pop band of all time.

第⑤段单词：

26.saving grace 可以抵偿缺陷的一个利益

27.rigour [?r?g?(r)] n.稳重，紧密，精确

28.mischievous [?m?st??v?s] a.顽皮的，戏谑的

29.marshmallow [?mɑ:??m?l??] n.棉花糖

30.indicator [??nd?ke?t?(r)] n.指示物，方针

31.willpower [‘w?lpa??(r)] n.意志力，自我抑制力

32.philosophy [f??l?s?fi] n.处事原则，人生哲学

par

t two: 长难句语法指点

unlike machiavelli,however, they do not back one approach over the other, arguing th atthe two usually need to be in perfect equilibriumto produce one of the ‘compelling people’who give their book its name.

标红有些为主句，橙色有些为如今分词短语作伴随方法状语，蓝色有些为that引导的宾语从句，紫色有些为不定式作意图状语，绿色有些为who引导的定语从句。

part three: 写作句型学习

err on the side of xx, and a person will seem yy; favour aa, and he or she risks coming across as bb.

若过火xx，我们会显得yy；若倾向aa，那么他或她则很可以会给人以bb形象。

原文例句：

err on the side of strength, and a person will seem bossy; favour warmth, and he or she risks coming across as a pushover.若过火强势，我们会显得专横；若倾向温文，那么他或她则很可以会给人以软蛋形象。

one saving grace is ……

可以抵偿缺陷的一个利益是……

also redemptive is/are …….

相同具有抵偿性的是…….

原文例句：

①one saving grace is the mixture of scientific rigour with mischievous analysis.可以抵偿该书缺陷的一个利益是其“科学般的稳重”和“顽皮般的分析”的混合。

②also redemptive are the colourful examples of individuals whose extreme qualities of either strength or warmth allowed them, effectively, to cheat the system.相同具有抵偿性的是其间生动风趣的自个事例，他们或是强势或是温文的极点特质有用地让他们绕过了这个规则。

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