历年考研英语一真题+答案解析-电子版pdf(…来自学点英语口语…(历年考研英语一真题解析)
??intensive reading
真题来历：2000text4
the first paragraph：
aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the united states and europe. but increasingly the japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don’t know where they should go next.
1）aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the united states and europe.
aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar japan
漫无方针很难说是战后日本的特征。。
whose productivity and social harmony
战后日本的出产率和社会的调和
are the envy of the united states and europe.
令美国和欧洲称羡
战后日本的出产率和社会的调和为美国和欧洲所称羡，因而漫无方针很难说是战后日本的特征。
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2）but increasingly the japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values.
but
可是
increasingly
渐增地
the japanese are seeing
日自己正在阅历
a decline of the traditional work-moral values.
传统作业道德价值观的衰退
可是，日自己正在阅历传统作业道德价值观的日益衰退。
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3）ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don’t know where they should go next.
ten years ago
10年前
young people were hardworking
年青人作业勤勉
and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being,
将作业视为他们存在的首要理由
but now
但如今
japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs,
日本大体上现已满足了其经济需要
and young people don’t know where they should go next.
年青人却不晓得他们下一步的方针在哪里
10年前，日本年青人人作业勤勉，将作业视为他们存在的首要理由，但如今日本大体上现已满足了其经济需要，年青人却不晓得他们下一步的方针在哪里。
the second paragraph：
the coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. in a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the united states. in addition, far more japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
1）the coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
the coming of age of the postwar baby boom
战后婴儿出世顶峰期的到来
and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market
以及妇女进入男性操作的作业商场
have limited the opportunities of teenagers
捆绑了青少年的打开机缘
who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices
这些青少年现已初步质疑沉重的自个牺牲
involved in climbing japan’s rigid social ladder
攀爬日本等级威严的社会阶梯
to good schools and jobs.
去进入好学校以及找到好作业
战后婴儿出世顶峰期的到来及妇女进入男性操作的作业商场，捆绑了青少年的打开机缘，这些青少年现已初步质疑在进好学校，找好作业，攀爬日本等级威严的社会阶梯的进程中所做出的沉重的自个牺牲是不是值得。
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2）in a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the united states. in addition, far more japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
in a recent survey,
在迩来一次查询中
it was found that
发现
only 24.5 percent of japanese students were fully satisfied with school life,
只需24.5％的日本学生对学校日子完全满足
compared with 67.2 percent of students in the united states.
与62.7％的美国学生比较照
in addition,
此外
far more japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs
对本身作业标明不满的日本工人多得多
than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
与被查询的其他10个国家的工人比较
在迩来一次查询中发现与62.7％的美国学生比较照，只需24.5％的日本学生对学校日子完全满足。此外，与被查询的其他10个国家的工人比较，对本身作业标明不满的日本工人多得多。
the third paragraph：
while often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “those things that do not show up in the test scores — personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,” says toshiki kaifu, chairman of the ruling liberal democratic party’s education committee. “frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.” last year japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. last year mitsuo setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the american occupation authorities after world war ⅱ had weakened the “japanese morality of respect for parents”.
1）while often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.
while often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics,
尽管日本的教育因偏重基础常识而常常遭到外国人的赞扬
japanese education tends to stress test taking
可是它一般偏重考试
and mechanical learning
和机械学习
over creativity and self-expression.
而不注重创造性和自我体现
尽管日本的教育因偏重基础常识而常常遭到外国人的赞扬，可是它一般偏重考试和机械学习，而不注重创造性和自我体现。
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2）”those things that do not show up in the test scores — personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,” says toshiki kaifu, chairman of the ruling liberal democratic party’s education committee. “frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.”
“those things that do not show up in the test scores
在考分中得不到体现的那些东西
— personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,”
特性、才能、勇气或人道——完全被无视
says toshiki kaifu,
toshiki?kaifu说
chairman of the ruling liberal democratic party’s education committee.
执政的自民党教育委员会主席
“frustration against this kind of thing
对这类作业悲观悲观
leads kids to drop out and run wild.”
致使孩子停学、放纵不羁
“在考分中得不到体现的那些东西——特性、才能、勇气或人道——完全被无视，”执政的自民党教育委员会主席toshiki?kaifu说，“对这类作业悲观悲观，致使孩子停学、放纵不羁。”
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3）last year japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers.
last year
上一年日
japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence,
本发生了2125起学校暴力作业
including 929 assaults on teachers.
其间包括929起突击教师作业
上一年日本发生了2125起学校暴力作业，其间包括929起突击教师作业。
4）amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education.
amid the outcry,
在一片对立声中
many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar
许多保存党领导人正在力求回复到战前
emphasis on moral education.
偏重道德教育
在一片对立声中，许多保存党领导人正在力求回复到战前，偏重道德教育。
?
5）last year mitsuo setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the american occupation authorities after world war ⅱ had weakened the “japanese morality of respect for parents”.
last year
上一年
mitsuo setoyama, who was then education minister,
其时任教育大臣的mitsuo?setoyama
raised eyebrows
提出置疑
when he argued that
他认为
liberal reforms introduced by the american occupation authorities after world war ⅱ
二战后美国占据当局引入的安适变革
had weakened the “japanese morality of respect for parents”.
削弱了“日自己尊敬父母的道德观”
上一年，其时任教育大臣的mitsuo?setoyama就提出非难，他申辩论二战后美国占据当局引入的安适变革削弱了“日自己尊敬父母的道德观”。
the fourth paragraph：
but that may have more to do with japanese life-styles. “in japan,” says educator yoko muro, “it’s never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.” with economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households. urban japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. in the past decade, the japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the united states, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.
1）but that may have more to do with japanese life-styles.
but
可是
that may have more to do with japanese life-styles.
那或许与日自己的日子方法联络更大
可是，那或许与日自己的日子方法联络更大。
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2）”in japan,” says educator yoko muro, “it’s never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.”
“in japan,”
在日本
says educator yoko muro,
教育家?yoko?muro说
“it’s never a question of
疑问必定不是
whether you enjoy your job and your life,
你是不是喜爱自个的作业和日子
but only how much you can endure.”
而只是是你能承受多大的负荷
“在日本，”教育家?yoko?muro说，“疑问必定不是你是不是喜爱自个的作业和日子，而只是是你能承受多大的负荷。”
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3）with economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.
with economic growth has come centralization;
跟着经济的打开居住会集化也跟着来了
fully 76 percent of japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities
在日本1亿1900万人傍边足有76％住在城市
where community and the extended family have been abandoned
在那里社区和几世同堂的我们庭现已变成曩昔
in favor of isolated, two-generation households.
而取而代之的是单门独户的两代之家
跟着经济的打开，居住会集化也跟着来了，在日本1亿1900万人傍边，足有76％住在城市，在那里社区和几世同堂的我们庭现已变成曩昔，而取而代之的是单门独户的两代之家。
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4）urban japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell.
urban japanese have long endured lengthy 
commutes
城市里的日自己长时刻忍耐着绵长的通勤
(travels to and from work)
上下班的旅程
and crowded living conditions,
以及拥堵的居住条件
but as the old group and family values weaken,
跟着旧的集体家庭道德观的削弱
the discomfort is beginning to tell.
不适初步闪现出来
城市里的日自己长时刻忍耐着绵长的上下班来回旅程和拥堵不堪的居住条件，跟着旧的集体家庭道德观的削弱，令人不舒畅的成果初步闪现出来。
5）in the past decade, the japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the united states, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.
in the past decade,
在曩昔10年中
the japanese divorce rate,
日本的离婚率
while still well below that of the united states,
尽管仍远在美国之下
has increased by more than 50 percent,
现已上升了50％
and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.
而自杀作业则上升了近1/4
在曩昔10年中，日本的离婚率，尽管仍远在美国之下，现已上升了50％，而自杀作业则上升了近1/4。?
考研英语历年真题与解析——2000text4
thanks for reading!
sun squishy zen
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