2021年北京大学哲学系西方哲学史一考研真题(回想) – 哔哩哔哩(2021年北京大暴雨)
1柏拉图正义本身为善
2洛克的实体是不是可见
3从知道目标的视点比照分析奥古斯丁光照说与阿奎那笼统理论
4康德的先天归纳判别何以可以
二、论说题
（一）关于亚里士多德关于实体在第一性的层面上是单个的事物与一段认为材料不是完全意义上的实体的材料
根据材料答复
1这两个材料别离是啥意义
2这样的不一样是根据啥理论而发生的
3为啥亚里士多德认为材料不是完全意义上的实体
（二）论说黑格尔主奴联络
两段材料的文本别离为
材料一
substance in
the most proper sense of the word, that which is primarily and most of all called substance, is neither said of any subject, nor is it in any subject – for example, the individual man and the individual horse. (aristotle, categories, 2a11-14)
材料二
the subject is that of which the other things are said, but which is not itself in turn said of any other thing; hence we must first determine what it is, since the primary subject seems to be substance most of all…if we study it from this point of view, the result is that the matter is substance; but that is impossible. for being separable and being a this seem to belong to substance most of all; that is why the form and the <compound> of both <matter and form> would seem to be substance more than the matter is. (aristotle, metaphysics, 1028b35-1029a30)
