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比如，前不久刷到一个热搜#陈妍希问yyds到底是什么意思#?。
最姐也是看了粉丝的回答，才知道原来yyds是“永远滴神”的缩写，出自lol电竞圈，但如今已常被粉丝用来赞赏自己的爱豆，成为饭圈标配。
类似的缩写，还有xswl（笑死我了），ssfd（瑟瑟发抖），u1s1（有一说一），awsl（阿！我死了）等。
网络新词层出不穷，就算是爱网上吃瓜的最姐，看到这里也要直呼一句“好家伙”。
其实，英语中，也有一些惯用的奇怪缩写。比如与yyds相对应，英语叫goat（或g.o.a.t.）。
goat是greatest of all time的首字母缩写，意思是“史上最厉害的人”，源自自拳击运动，后指在某一特定运动项目中，在比赛、表演或参与方面表现最好的人。
如今在推特，也有很多粉丝会把他们最喜欢的歌手或演员称为goat。
a lot of older guys still insist it’s jordan, even though lebron is clearly the goat.
很多老家伙仍坚持认为乔丹是“史上最厉害的人”，尽管勒布朗显然才是。
先按老规矩一起来读一篇四六级/考研难度的文章，然后留言区分享一下吧：
the pandemic has transformed lives and?livelihoods.
?
live.li.hood/?la?v.li.h?d/生活来源；饭碗，生计(the way someone earns) the money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc.【例句】it’s difficult to earn a livelihood as an artist.搞艺术很难谋生。【词根词缀】live (= life )生命?+ -ly ( y 变 i )形容词词尾?+ -hood 名词词尾
but it’s changed the little details, too – like the language we use -?peppering?our everyday speech with scientific?terms?like “social distancing,”?”superspreader” and “asymptomatic”.
但这也改变了一些小细节，就像我们使用的语言一样，用诸如“社交距离”、“超级传播者”和“无症状”等科学术语来充实我们的日常演讲。?
pep.per/?pep.?r $ -?/【熟词僻义】除了“胡椒粉”以及“甜椒，灯笼椒”的意思外，还可以做动词：
①在…上大量撒；使…布满if something is peppered with things, it has a lot of those things in it or on it?【搭配】pepper sth with sth【例句】he peppered his speech with jokes.他在讲演中插入了许多笑话。【近义表达】sprinkle，spatter
②连续射击if bullets pepper something, they hit it several times【例句】machine gun fire peppered the front of the building.机枪的火力不断攻击大楼的正面。【近义表达】pelt, bombard, shower
③pepper sb with questions连珠炮似的向某人提问【例句】reporters peppered him with questions.记者们连珠炮似的向他发问。
④给（食物）加胡椒粉to add pepper to food【例句】pepper the steak well.将胡椒粉均匀地撒在牛排上。?
term?/t??m $ t??m/除了有“条款”，“学期”等意思外，还指“术语，专门名称；措词”a word or expression used in relation to a particular subject, often to describe something official or technical【例句】‘multimedia’ is the term for any technique combining sounds and images.“多媒体”一词是指任何能把声音和图像结合起来的技术。【近义辨析】lexicon, term, vocabulary, word, language这组词都有“文字，词，语言”的意思，但区别很大：
lexicon:?指某种语言、某人或某一知识领域的全部词汇。
vocabulary:?集合名词，指词汇、语汇或词汇量。
word:?普通用词，指语言的最小单位的单词、字，也可指话、整句话或一段话。
language:?普通用词，指国家、民族或种族内部使用，已经系统化的语言。
“we’ve all had to become?amateur?epidemiologists and familiarize ourselves with these terms that normally we’d expect to be in some journal article somewhere.”
“我们都必须成为业余流行病学家，并且熟悉我们通常希望在某些地方的某些期刊文章中使用的这些术语。”?
am.a.teur?/??m.?.t?r $ -t??/
①adj.业余爱好的，非职业的taking part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job【例句】he was an amateur singer until the age of 40, when he turned professional. 40岁之前他一直是个业余歌手，之后才转为职业歌手。【近义表达】non-professional，amateurish，sandlot
②n.业余爱好者；业余运动员a person who takes part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job
③外行；粗通（某一行）的人（含贬义）someone who does not have much skill in what they do – disapproving?【例句】only amateurs make this kind of mistake.只有外行才会犯这种错误。
【词根词缀】词根词缀：?-am-?爱?+ -ateur ( -ator )名词词尾 , 人【词源】amateur 直接借自法语 , 而法语词则源于拉丁语 amator ‘ lover’?，其词根为 amare ‘ love’?，故严格地说 amateur 的意思应为“爱好者”，而今多指“业余爱好者”，即不是为了钱而出于喜爱去从事某项活动或研究的人。love 用于网球等比赛中的词义正是据此产生的。英语有个古老的词组 play for the money or play for love ，其中 play for love 逐渐转义为 play for nothing 。因此两个多世纪以来 love 一直被用以表示“零分”。关于这一点还有一种解释 , 认为在网球从法国传人英国时， love 即被赋予此义。由于数字 o 形似蛋 , 所以法国人用意为“蛋”的 loeuf 来表示”零分”。英国人读错音 , 并将它同发音近似的 love 相联系，久而久之就变为 love.
ben zimmer is a linguist and language columnist for the wall street journal.
本·齐默（ben zimmer）是《华尔街日报》的语言学家和语言专栏作家。
he says a lot of the words that came up fresh to many people in 2020 had existed in scholarly literature for decades.
他说，到2020年，很多人都回想起很多单词，这已经在学术文献中存在了数十年。
“so for example ‘contact tracing’ is attested from 1910. been in use for well over a century. there’s an example from an australian medical journal talking about school epidemics… back in 1910 and they’re talking about contact tracing as something a school nurse would need to do to?figure out?who was infected.”
“举例来说，‘接触追踪’的历史可追溯到1910年。一个世纪以来一直在使用。有一个例子来自澳大利亚医学期刊，它谈到了学校的流行病……早在1910年，他们就把接触追踪当作学校的话题护士需要做的是找出谁被感染了。”?
①?弄懂，搞清楚to think about sb/sth until you understand them/it?【例句】can you figure out how to do it?你能弄明白怎么做吗？【近义表达】have a handle on，make out，make certain
②计算（数量或成本）to calculate an amount or the cost of sth【例句】have you figured out how much the trip will cost?旅行要花多少费用你算出来没有？【近义表达】calculate，work out，estimate
and the term quarantine – which?derives from?a renaissance-era italian word, meaning a 40-day waiting period for ships arriving from plague-stricken ports -?dates back?centuries. but it took on new life during the pandemic.
隔离一词可以追溯到几个世纪以前，隔离一词是从文艺复兴时期的意大利单词衍生而来的，这意味着从遭受瘟疫困扰的港口抵港的船只需要等待40天。但是在大流行期间，它重新焕发了生命。?
de.rive?/d??ra?v/?得到，获得（优势或愉快的感受）to get something, especially an advantage or a pleasant feeling, from something?derive sth from sth例句】zuijie derived great pleasure from learning english.最姐从学英语中得到极大的乐趣。
?derive from sth / be derived from sth?从…衍生出；起源于；来自to come or develop from sth?【例句】the word ‘politics’ is derived from a greek word meaning ‘city’. 英语politics一词源自希腊语，意思是city。
date back (to…)追溯到；始于；自…至今to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time mentioned?【例句】the custom dates back hundreds of years.这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
“everyone’s talking about quarantining and it starts generating all these new forms as well… drink your quarantini… you can grow a quaranbeard…and on and on and on as people got creative by taking these words and forming new innovative expressions out of them.”
“每个人都在谈论隔离，它也开始生成所有这些新形式……喝掉隔离物……您可以长出一个隔离胡须……随着人们不断创新，不断吸收这些词并形成新的表达方式。”
zimmer also?chairs?the new words committee, for the american dialect society. at a recent virtual meeting, they voted on the 2020 word of the year.
齐默还担任美国方言协会新词委员会主席。在最近的一次虚拟会议上，他们对2020年年度最佳词汇进行了投票。?
chair/t?e?r $ t?er/【熟词僻义】除了“椅子，主席”的意思，还可以作动词，表示“ 担任（会议或委员会）的主席；主持”to be the chairperson of a meeting or committee【例句】would you like to chair tomorrow’s meeting? 你愿意主持明天的会议吗？
selecting from candidates like “doomscrolling” or “social distancing” and “unprecedented” — the group ultimately chose a different word, which, unlike the others, was newly coined in 2020, and truly defined what turned out to be a terrible year:
他们从“滚动式”、“社交距离”和“前所未有的”等候选人中进行选择，最终选择了一个不同的词，这个词与其他词不同，是在2020年新创造的，并真正定义了一个可怕的年份：
coin/k??n/【熟词僻义】除了“硬币”的意思，还可以作动词，表示“创造，杜撰（新词或新的表达）；首次使用（某一词语）”to invent a new word or expression, or to use one in a particular way for the first time【例句】he coined the term “flower power”. 他创造了 flower power这一说法。【词源】coin 的本意并非“硬币”，而是铸造硬币的模具。它来自拉丁语 cuneus （楔子），因为古罗马时期用来冲压硬币的模子的形状是楔形的，故此得名。由此衍生出“铸造、创造、杜撰”之意，最后才演变为表示硬币。【最姐说】说起coin，最姐通常会记起两个短语：
?to coin a phrase套用一句老话；用老话来说【例句】oh well, no news is good news, to coin a phrase.噢，常言道，没有消息就是好消息。
?coin it/money?轻易地赚大钱，发大财，暴富to be earning a lot of money quickly【例句】they are really coining it/money with their new cd.他们凭借自己的新唱片着实在赚大钱。
